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Protection of Military Remains Act 1986
The Protection of Military Remains Act 1986 (1986 c. 35) is an Act of Parliament in the United Kingdom which provides protection for the wreckage of military aircraft and designated military vessels.〔(''Protection of Military Remains Act 1986'' (UK) ), legislation.gov.uk〕 The Act provides for two types of protection: ''protected places'' and ''controlled sites''. Military aircraft are automatically protected but vessels have to be specifically designated.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 publisher=Maritime and Coastguard Agency )〕 The primary reason for designation is to protect as a 'war grave' the last resting place of UK servicemen (or other nationals); however, the Act does not require the loss of the vessel to have occurred during war.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 publisher=English Heritage )〕
There have been four statutory instruments designating wrecks under the Act, in 2002 (amended 2003),〔(【引用サイトリンク】 publisher=Office of Public Sector Information )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】 publisher=Office of Public Sector Information )〕 2006,〔(【引用サイトリンク】 publisher=Office of Public Sector Information )〕 2008〔(【引用サイトリンク】 publisher=Office of Public Sector Information )〕 and 2009.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 publisher=Office of Public Sector Information )〕 Twelve wrecks are designated as controlled sites, on which diving is banned. These twelve vessels (including one German submarine), all lost on military service, provide a small representative sample of all such vessels.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 publisher=Royal Navy )〕 All other vessels that meet the criteria of the act are subject to a rolling programme of assessment and those that meet the criteria will be designated as protected places.〔 〕 The order that is currently in force, since February 2010, designates 55 wrecks as protected places. This means that diving is allowed but divers must follow the rule of ''look, don't touch''.〔
==Protection under the Act==
The Act provides for two types of protection: ''protected places'' and ''controlled sites''.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 publisher=Maritime and Coastguard Agency )〕 The primary reason for designation is to protect the last resting place of UK servicemen (or other nationals). While this is often referred to as protection as a war grave, the protected wrecks are not graves in the sense of falling under the control of the Commonwealth War Graves Commission, nor are they required to have been lost during wartime.〔
The wreckage of all military aircraft (UK or other nations) that crashed in the United Kingdom, in United Kingdom territorial waters or in United Kingdom controlled waters are automatically protected irrespective of whether there was loss of life or whether the wrecking occurred during peacetime or in a combat. The wreckage of United Kingdom military aircraft are also protected under the act elsewhere in the world.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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